Concrete railroad tie



Feb. 13, 1923. 1,445,438

J. HOJNOWSKI CONCRETE RAILROAD TIE Filed May 5, 1922 @lllllllllll reb.13, 1923.

Patented JAKOB Q 'N K 0F EKQO A, ISCONS cononnrn RAILROAD TIE.

Application filed May 5, 1922.

T0 aZZ whom it wm-g concern:

Be it known that I, JAKon Ho NowsKI, a citizen of Poland, residing atNekoosa, in the county of Wood and State of Wisconsin, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Concrete Railroad Ties, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to the ties or sleep? ers used to support therails of railroad tracks, the invention having for an object ;to providea novel form of railroad tie of cheap construction. I

More specifically speaking the invention has for an object to provide asimple form of reinforced concrete tie or sleeper and a novelarrangement of fastening means for securing the rails thereto.

For further comprehension of the invention, and of the objects andadvantages thereof, reference will be had to the following descriptionand accompanying drawings, and to the appended claims 1n Which thevarious novel features of the invention are more particularly set forth.

Fig. l of the drawings is a perspective view of a portion of a railroadtrack having the invention embodied therein.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary longitudinal sec tional view, taken just besideone of the rails and showing one of the ties in transverse section.

Fig. 3 is a detail fragmentary perspective view of the reinforcingelement of the tie.

Fig. 4: is a perspective view showing the tie partially completed.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the completed tie. I

Fig. 6 is another perspective vlew of the completed tie, showing thebottom face thereof.

Figs. 7, 8, 9 and 10 are detail perspective views of the differentfastening bolts employed.

In the drawing the reference numeral 10 indicates a pair of track railsof ordinary construction which are supported by and secured to myimproved ties. These ties are indicated generally at 11 and compriseconcrete bodies reinforced by metal elements of sheet form. In Fig. 3 Ihave shown in detail a suitable form of metal reinforcing elements whichconsists of a sheet of wire mesh or expanded metal 12 bent to form acentral horizontal element 12 which extends along the bottom part of thetie, being then bent to present a pair of angular or in- Serial No.558,610.

verted L-shaped channels 13 whose inner adjacent sides 14 are formed bythe marginal portions of the sheet, these marginal portions extendingvertically of the finished tie midway between opposite sides thereof,the angular channeled elements, which are arranged back to back formingtogethera completed structure of 'leform in cross section which is theform of the completed tie, the laterally projecting top flanges of thetie being indicated at 11".

In constructing the tie the reinforcing element 12 is bent to the propershape and filled with concrete, suitable rods 18, which are afterwardswithdrawn, being passed through the concrete, the holes in the concreteleft when the rods are withdrawn being adapted to receive the fasteningbolts, further reference to these details being presently made. The tiebeing formed is placed in suitable mold, which is packed with concretein which the reinforcing element is embedded a suitable distance. Asindie cated in Figs. 5 and 6 I may employ additional reinforcing strips20 extending longitudinally of the tie within the channeled elements 13.As indicated at 20 in Fig. 6 the bottom face of the tie may be trans:versely corrugated.

Referring now to the means for securing the. rail to the tie, the rods18 are suitably positioned and constructed to leave four transverse rowsof holes in the tie, arranged in two pairs of rows which register withthe edges of the base flanges of the rails, there being three holes ineach row. The side holes, indicated at 22, extend vertically through theside flanges 11 at the top of the tie, while the centre holes, 23, areof parti-circular, curvature extending from the top ofthe tie outwardlythrough the side thereof under the flanges 11, the respective centreholes of adjacent rows being preferably curved in opposite directions toopen at their lower ends at opposite sides of the tie. Through the sideholes 22 are passed bolts 24 having T-heads 25 on their lower ends whichengage under the flanges 11, and having nuts 26 threaded on their upperends engaging over the base-flanges of the rails. Through the centreholes 23 are passed correspondingly curved bolts which may be of the tpe shown in Fig. 8 comprising curved s anks 27 having heads 28 on theirlower ends adapted to engage the sides of the tie, and nuts 29 threadedon their upper ends adapted to bear on the base-flange of the rail. Orthese bolts may be of the type shown in Fig. 9, comprising curved shanks30 having laterally projected spike-heads 31 on their upper ends adaptedto engage over the base-flanges of the rails, and having nuts 32threaded on their lower ends and bearing on the sides of the tie.

In certain cases the tie may comprise a concrete body 33 of rectangularcross section with straight sides and provided with a reinforcement 34:,or it may comprise a body 35 having inwardly sloping sides 36. Inconnection, with this latter type of tie I may use the bolt shown inFig. 10, comprising a straight shank 37 having a laterall projectedspike head 38 on its upper en so positioned, or arranged at such anangle, as to lie flat on the base-flange of the rail when the bolt isinclined downwardly and laterally to project at its lower end, on whichis threaded a nut 39, through the inclined side of the tie.

It will be understood that various other changes and modifications mightbe made in the construction of my improved tie and rail fastening meanswithout departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as clefinedin the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire toprotect by Letters Patent of the United States is as follows:

1. A railroad tie comprisinga concrete body of T-shape in cross section,and a reinforcing element comprising a metallic sheet formed into a pairof L-shaped elements arranged back to back.

2. A railroad tie comprising a concrete body of T-shape in crosssection, and a reinforcing element comprising a metallic sheet formedinto a pair of L-shaped ele- Vments arranged back to back, the backs ofinforcing element therefor likewise of T- shape in cross section, thehorizontal top flanges of said tie having vertical openingstherethrough.

4:. A railroad tie comprising a concrete body of T-shape in crosssection, and a reinforcing element therefor likewise of T- shape incross section, said tie having openings extending downwardlytherethrough from points approximately midway between its sides, saidopenings leading outwardly through the sides of thetie.

5. A railroad tie comprising a concrete body of T-shape in crosssection, and a reinforcing element therefor likewise of T- shape incross section, said tie having openings extending downwardlytherethrough from points approximately midway between its sides, saidopenings leading outwardly through the sides of the tie, and beingcurved throughout their length.

6. In combination, a track rail, a concrete tie of T-shape in crosssection on which said rail rests, fastening bolts engaging the rail onopposite sides thereof and extending downwardly through the top flangesthereof, and other fastening bolts engaging the rail between the firstmentioned bolts and passing through the body of the'tie and outwardlythrough the sides thereof.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature.

J AKOB HOJNOWSKI.

